Adult Tobacco Use by AASU Dental Hygiene Clinic Patients

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of tobacco use and interest in cessation by patients utilizing the Armstrong Atlantic State University (AASU) dental hygiene clinic. The study's aim was to contribute to the Southeast Georgia Cancer Coalition goals in its mission to educate the public about tobacco use health risks and to provide cessation education. Subjects were of diverse age, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity groups, including those who were medically compromised and may have limited access to care. A medical history, oral assessment, and tobacco use survey were conducted. Utilizing a National Cancer Institute survey for tobacco use and interest in cessation asessment form, data were analyzed to determine age, race, gender, and quantifiable tobacco use and cessation factors by tobacco users. Of the sample (N= 202), there was a greater number of nonusers and a total of 37 tobacco users. Pearson's r Linear Association and Spearman Correlation indicated that in the user subgroup, inhalation was the most frequent mode of use; tobacco use by women was significant (p<.03), while use by men was not; whites (12:1) used more than nonwhites; younger individuals (18-33 years) used tobacco at a greater rate; and, the trend to smoke decreased with age. The data further suggested that the younger age group, both males and females, demonstrated higher levels of interest in cessation. Additionally, the younger age group indicated participation in cessation consultation with a physician (p<.05). It was concluded that tobacco use assessment provides the dental hygiene student with an awareness of their integral role as educator, advocate, and clinician, thereby contributing to the patient's overall health, most specifically young white females. It further serves society by assisting in the reduction of a major health risk.