Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Current Issue
    • Archive
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Advertisements
    • Subscribing
  • About
    • About Us
    • Editorial Board
    • JDH Reviewers
  • More
    • Alerts
    • Feedback

User menu

  • Register
  • Subscribe
  • My alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
Journal of Dental Hygiene
Visit the American Dental Hygienists' Association's main website
  • Register
  • Subscribe
  • My alerts
  • Log in
Journal of Dental Hygiene

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Current Issue
    • Archive
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Advertisements
    • Subscribing
  • About
    • About Us
    • Editorial Board
    • JDH Reviewers
  • More
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
  • Visit jdenthyg on Facebook
  • Follow jdenthyg on Twitter
  • Follow jdenthyg on Instagram
  • Follow jdenthyg on Linkedin
  • RSS feeds
ArticleResearch
Open Access

Comparative Effectiveness of Toothbrushing, Flossing and Mouthrinse Regimens on Plaque and Gingivitis: A 12-week virtually supervised clinical trial

Jeffery Milleman, Mary Lynn Bosma, James A. McGuire, Anusha Sunkara, Kathleen McAdoo, Alicia DelSasso, Kaylie Wills and Kimberly Milleman
American Dental Hygienists' Association June 2022, 96 (3) 21-34;
Jeffery Milleman
1Salus Research, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN, USA.
Roles: Director of Clinical Operations and Principal Investigator
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Mary Lynn Bosma
2Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
Roles: Director of Claims Strategy
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: mbosma@its.jnj.com
James A. McGuire
2Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
Roles: Director of Global Biostatistics
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Anusha Sunkara
2Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
Roles: Principal Biostatistician, Global Biostatistics
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Kathleen McAdoo
2Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
Roles: Senior Scientist, Clinical Operations
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Alicia DelSasso
2Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
Roles: Associate Manager, Clinical Science Management
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Kaylie Wills
1Salus Research, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN, USA.
Roles: Study Coordinator
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Kimberly Milleman
1Salus Research, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN, USA.
Roles: Director and Compliance Specialist
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Abstract

Purpose:Various mechanical and chemotherapeutic methods are used to control dental plaque accumulation and prevent or reduce gingivitis. The purpose of this 12-week clinical trial was to investigate the effects of various combinations of supervised mechanical and chemotherapeutic regimens on the prevention and reduction of plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding.

Methods:Volunteers presenting with some evidence of gingivitis and no severe periodontitis were randomized into four groups: brush only (BO); brush/rinse (BR); brush/floss (BF); brush/floss/rinse (BFR) for this examiner-blinded clinical trial. Toothbrush, toothpaste, floss and a mouthrinse containing a fixed combination of four essential oils (EO) and training/instructions were provided to participants as per their assigned group. Participants performed their regimen at home, under virtual supervision, once each weekday; the second daily and weekend uses were unsupervised. Assessments included oral hard and soft tissue, plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding (weeks 4, 12); probing depth and bleeding on probing (week 12).

Results:Of 213 enrolled participants, 209 completed the study. After 12 weeks, plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding were significantly reduced in groups BR (35.8%, 50.8%, and 71.0% respectively, p<0.001) and BFR (32.8%, 54.1%, and 78.2% respectively, p<0.001) compared to BO. After 12 weeks, gingivitis and gingival bleeding were significantly reduced in the BF group (9.2%, p=0.013 and 17.5%, p=0.003, respectively), however there were no significant reductions in plaque in the BF group as compared to the BO group (p=0.935).

Conclusions:Oral care regimens that included a mouthrinse containing a fixed combination of four EOs (BR and BFR), demonstrated statistically significantly reduced plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding as compared to BO and BF after 12 weeks. The BF regimen statistically significantly reduced gingivitis and gingival bleeding but did not statistically significantly reduce plaque compared to BO after 12 weeks.

  • dental plaque
  • gingivitis
  • flossing
  • toothbrushing
  • essential oils
  • mouthrinses
  • Received February 28, 2022.
  • Accepted May 10, 2022.
  • Copyright © 2022 The American Dental Hygienists’ Association

This article is open access and may not be copied, distributed, or modified without written permission from the American Dental Hygienists’ Association.

PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

American Dental Hygienists' Association: 96 (3)
American Dental Hygienists' Association
Vol. 96, Issue 3
June 2022
  • Table of Contents
  • Index by author
  • Complete Issue (PDF)
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Journal of Dental Hygiene.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Comparative Effectiveness of Toothbrushing, Flossing and Mouthrinse Regimens on Plaque and Gingivitis: A 12-week virtually supervised clinical trial
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Journal of Dental Hygiene
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Journal of Dental Hygiene web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
Comparative Effectiveness of Toothbrushing, Flossing and Mouthrinse Regimens on Plaque and Gingivitis: A 12-week virtually supervised clinical trial
Jeffery Milleman, Mary Lynn Bosma, James A. McGuire, Anusha Sunkara, Kathleen McAdoo, Alicia DelSasso, Kaylie Wills, Kimberly Milleman
American Dental Hygienists' Association Jun 2022, 96 (3) 21-34;

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Comparative Effectiveness of Toothbrushing, Flossing and Mouthrinse Regimens on Plaque and Gingivitis: A 12-week virtually supervised clinical trial
Jeffery Milleman, Mary Lynn Bosma, James A. McGuire, Anusha Sunkara, Kathleen McAdoo, Alicia DelSasso, Kaylie Wills, Kimberly Milleman
American Dental Hygienists' Association Jun 2022, 96 (3) 21-34;
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like

Jump to section

  • Article
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF

Similar Articles

More in this TOC Section

  • Role of Manual Dexterity on Mechanical and Chemotherapeutic Oral Hygiene Regimens
  • Habits, Practices and Beliefs Regarding Floss and Mouthrinse among Habitual and Non-Habitual Users
Show more Research

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Keywords

  • dental plaque
  • gingivitis
  • flossing
  • toothbrushing
  • essential oils
  • mouthrinses

About

  • About ADHA
  • About JDH
  • JDH Reviewers
  • Contact Us

Helpful Links

  • Submit a Paper
  • Author Guidelines
  • FAQs

More Information

  • Advertise
  • Subscribe
  • Email Alerts
  • Help

ISSN #: 1553-0205

Copyright © 2022 American Dental Hygienists’ Association

Powered by HighWire