Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Current Issue
    • Archived Issues
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Advertisements
    • Subscribing
  • About
    • About Us
    • Editorial Board
    • JDH Reviewers
  • More
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Permissions

User menu

  • Register
  • Subscribe
  • My alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
Journal of Dental Hygiene

Visit the American Dental Hygienists' Association's main website

  • Register
  • Subscribe
  • My alerts
  • Log in
Journal of Dental Hygiene

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Current Issue
    • Archived Issues
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Advertisements
    • Subscribing
  • About
    • About Us
    • Editorial Board
    • JDH Reviewers
  • More
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Permissions
  • Visit jdenthyg on Facebook
  • Follow jdenthyg on Twitter
  • Follow jdenthyg on Instagram
  • Follow jdenthyg on Linkedin
  • RSS feeds
Research ArticleCritical Issues in Dental Hygiene Education

The Baccalaureate as the Minimum Entry-Level Degree in Dental Hygiene

Rosemary DeRosa Hays and Stefania Moglia Willis
American Dental Hygienists' Association December 2021, 95 (6) 46-53;
Rosemary DeRosa Hays
Clinical associate professor and the Coordinator of the Bachelor of Science Degree Program, College of Dentistry, New York University, NY, NY, USA.
MS, RDH
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Stefania Moglia Willis
Adjunct clinical associate professor and the previous Curriculum Coordinator of Dental Hygiene, College of Dentistry, New York University, NY, NY, USA.
DMH, MA, RDH
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
  • Article
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

References

  1. 1.↵
    1. ADHA
    . Policy manual: education [Internet]. Chicago: American Dental Hygienists’ Association; 2020 [cited 2020 Mar 17]. Available from: https://www.adha.org/resources-docs/7614_Policy_Manual.pdf.
  2. 2.↵
    1. CDHA
    . Education agenda: pathways to support the oral health of Canadians [Internet]. Ottawa: Canadian Dental Hygienists’ Association; 2009 [cited 2019 Dec 27]. Available from: https://www.cdha.ca/pdfs/Profession/Policy/EducationAgenda.pdf.
  3. 3.↵
    1. Luciak-Donsberger C.
    Dental hygienists in Europe: trends towards harmonization of education and practice since 2003. Int J Dent Hyg. 2009 Apr;7(4): 273-84.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  4. 4.↵
    1. ADHA
    . Transforming dental hygiene education and the profession for the 21st century [Internet]. Chicago: American Dental Hygienists’ Association; 2019 [cited 2019 Sept 21]. Available from: https://www.adha.org/resources-docs/Transforming_Dental_Hygiene_Education.pdf.
  5. 5.↵
    1. CODA
    . Program surveys: 2018-19 survey of allied dental education [Internet]. Chicago: American Dental Association; 2020 [cited 2020 May 14]. Available from: https://coda.ada.org/en/find-a-program/program-surveys
  6. 6.↵
    1. CODA
    . Accreditation [Internet]. Chicago; American Dental Association: 2019 [cited 2019 Dec 23]. Available from: https://coda.ada.org/en/accreditation/about-us
  7. 7.↵
    1. Formicola AJ,
    2. Bailit HL,
    3. Weintraub JA, et al.
    Advancing dental education in the 21st century: phase 2 report on strategic analysis and recommendations. J Dent Educ. 2018 Oct; 82 (10): eS1-eS32.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  8. 8.↵
    1. Fried JL.
    The allied dental health professions: executive summary. J Dent Educ. 2017 Sep;81(9):1130-6.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  9. 9.↵
    1. ADHA. Resources
    . Dental hygiene participation in regulation [Internet]. Chicago: American Dental Hygienists’ Association; 2019 [cited 2019 Dec 27]. Available from: https://www.adha.org/regulatory-boards
  10. 10.↵
    1. DHBC
    . Dental hygiene board of California: about DHBC [Internet]. Sacramento (CA); CA Department of Consumer Affairs; 2019. [cited 2019 Dec 27]. Available from: https://www.dhbc.ca.gov/index.shtml#welcome
  11. 11.↵
    1. IOM
    . What does “allied health” mean? [Internet]. Washington DC: Institute of Medicine; 2019 [cited 2019 Dec]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK218850/.
  12. 12.↵
    1. Stolberg RL,
    2. Tilliss T.
    The baccalaureate-educated dental hygienists. J of Evid Based Dent Pract. 2016 Jun;16 Supp:136-43.
    OpenUrl
  13. 13.↵
    1. Boyleston ES,
    2. Collins MA.
    Advancing our profession: are higher educational standards the answer? J Dent Hyg. 2012 Summer 86(3):168-78.
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
  14. 14.
    1. Anderson KL,
    2. Smith BS.
    Practicing dental hygienists’ perceptions about the bachelor of science in dental hygiene and the oral health practitioner. J Dent Educ. 2009 Oct;73(10):1222–32.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  15. 15.↵
    1. Boyd LD,
    2. Bailey A.
    Dental hygienists’ perceptions of barriers to graduate education. J Dent Educ. 2011 Aug;75(8):1030-7.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  16. 16.↵
    1. O’Hehir T.
    Dental hygiene education exceeds the degrees granted: a pilot study. Int J Dent Hyg. 2018 Aug;16(3):340-48.
    OpenUrl
  17. 17.↵
    1. ADHA
    . Direct Access Chart [Internet]. Chicago: American Dental Hygienists’ [cited 2019 Dec 23]. Available from: https://www.adha.org/resources-docs/7524_Current_Direct_Access_Map.pdf.
  18. 18.↵
    1. OHWRC
    . Variation in dental hygiene scope of practice by state, direct Medicaid reimbursement [Internet]. New York: Oral Health Workforce Research Center; 2019 Jan [cited 2019 Dec 23]. Available from: http://www.oralhealthworkforce.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Single-Page-Layout-Final-2019.pdf.
  19. 19.↵
    1. BLS
    . Occupational outlook handbook, dental hygienists [Internet]. Washington DC: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Department of Labor; 2018 [cited 2019 Dec 23]. Available from: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/dental-hygienists.htm.
  20. 20.↵
    1. HRSA
    . National and state-level projections of dentists and dental hygienists in the U.S., 2012-2025 [Internet]. Rockville: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2020 [cited 2020 May 14]. Available from: https://bhw.hrsa.gov/sites/default/files/bureau-health-workforce/data-research/national-state-level-projections-dentists.pdf.
  21. 21.↵
    1. Formicola AJ.
    Considering students’ cost of a dental education: return on investment and debt to income ratio. J Dent Educ. 2017 Aug;81(8 Suppl): eS28–32.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  22. 22.↵
    1. ADHA
    . Access to care position paper [Internet]. Chicago: American Dental Hygienists’ Association; 2001 [cited 2019 Dec 23]. Available from: http://www.adha.org/resources-docs/7112_Access_to_Care_Position_Paper.pdf.
  23. 23.↵
    1. Yvette L,
    2. Schuberg E,
    3. Lee J, et al.
    Opinions on dental therapists: a comparison of dentists and dental hygienists in the Pacific Northwest. J Dent Hyg. 2019;93(3):15-21.
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
  24. 24.↵
    1. CODA
    . Accreditation standards for dental hygiene education programs: administration, faculty and staff [Internet] Chicago: Commission on Dental Accreditation; 2019 [cited 2019 Dec 23]. Available from: https://www.ada.org/~/media/CODA/Files/2019_dental_hygiene_standards.pdf?la=en
  25. 25.↵
    1. ADEA
    . Survey of allied dental program directors, 2016 summary and results [Internet]. Washington, DC: American Dental Education Association; 2017 [cited 2019 Dec 23]. Available from: https://www.adea.org/data/ADEA-Survey-of-Allied-Dental-Program-Directors-2016-Summary-and-Results.pdf
  26. 26.↵
    1. IOM
    . The future of nursing: leading change, advancing health. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2011. PMID: 24983041.
  27. 27.↵
    1. Djukic M,
    2. Stimpfel AW,
    3. Kovner, C.
    Baccalaureate degree nurse graduates report better and quality educational preparedness than associate degree graduates. Jt Comm J Qual Saf. 2019 Mar;45(3):180-6.
    OpenUrl
  28. 28.↵
    1. Kovner CT,
    2. Brewer CS,
    3. Yingrengreung S, et al.
    New nurses’ views of quality improvement education. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf. 2010 Jan;36 (1):29-35.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  29. 29.↵
    1. Aitken LH,
    2. Clarke SP,
    3. Cheung RB, et al.
    Educational levels of hospital nurses and surgical patient mortality. JAMA. 2013 Sept;290(12):1617-23.
    OpenUrl
  30. 30.↵
    1. Domholdt E,
    2. Kerr LO,
    3. Mount KA.
    Professional (entry-level) doctoral degrees in physical therapy: status as of spring 2003. J Phys Ther Educ. 2006 Oct; 20(2): 68-76.
    OpenUrl
  31. 31.↵
    1. Walsh MM,
    2. Ortega E.
    Developing a scholarly identity and building a community of scholars. J Dent Hyg. 2013 Jan;87 Suppl 1:23-8.
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
  32. 32.↵
    1. ADEA
    . Bracing for the future: opening up pathways to the bachelor’s degree for dental hygienists [Internet]. Washington, DC: American Dental Education Association; 2018 [cited 2020 Sept 23]. Available from: https://www.adea.org/policy_advocacy/workforce_issues/Pages/default.aspx.
  33. 33.↵
    1. Staykova MP.
    Community college education through the looking glass of associate degree nursing. Teach Learn Nurs. 2012; 7(3): 93-7.
    OpenUrl
  34. 34.↵
    1. Fulton M.
    Community college bachelor’s degrees: an update on state activity and policy considerations [Internet]. Denver (CO); Education Commission of the United States: 2020 Feb [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.ecs.org/wp-content/uploads/Community-College-Bachelors-Degrees.pdf.
  35. 35.↵
    1. Love I,
    2. Palmer I.
    Community college baccalaureate programs: A state policy framework. New America [Internet]. Washington, DC.; 2020 Apr [cited 2021 Mar 16]. Available from:https://www.newamerica.org/education-policy/reports/community-college-baccalaureate-programs-state-policy-framework/legislation/.
  36. 36.↵
    1. Luciak-Donsberger C,
    2. Eaton KA.
    Dental hygienists in Europe: trends towards harmonization of education practice since 2003. Int J Dent Hygiene. 2009 Oct; 7(4):273-84.
    OpenUrl
  37. 37.↵
    1. Benbow P,
    2. Kanji Z.
    Dental Hygiene baccalaureate education: A national study of students’ perceived value and intentions. Can J Dent Hyg. 2019 June;53(2): 89-99.
    OpenUrl
  38. 38.↵
    1. Kanji Z,
    2. Laronde DM.
    Career outcomes of dental hygiene baccalaureate education: A study of graduates’ professional opportunities, further education, and job satisfaction. J Dent Ed. 2018 Aug; 82(8): 809-18.
    OpenUrl
  39. 39.↵
    1. Smith AN,
    2. Boyd LD,
    3. Rogers CM, et al.
    Self-perceptions of value, barriers, and motivations for graduate education among dental hygienists. J Dent Educ. 2016 Sept; 80 (9): 1033–40.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  40. 40.↵
    1. Hays R,
    2. Lupovici E,
    3. Kennedy K, et al.
    Assessment for the need of a master’s in dental hygiene program. J Dent Hyg. 2018 Apr; 92 Suppl1:15.
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
  41. 41.↵
    1. USCB
    . Newsroom: Older people projected to outnumber children for first time in U.S. history [Internet]. Suitland, MD: United States census Bureau; 2018 Sept 6 [cited 2019 Aug 7]. Available from: https://census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2018/cb18-41-population-projections.html.
  42. 42.↵
    1. Frank-Stromborg M.
    Changing demographics in the United States. Implications for health professionals. Cancer. 1991 Mar 15; 67 Suppl 6:1772-78.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  43. 43.↵
    1. Shugars DA,
    2. O’Neil EH,
    3. Bader JD
    , editors. Healthy America: practitioners for 2005, an agenda for action for US health professional schools. Durham, NC: The Pew Health Professions Commission,1991.
  44. 44.↵
    1. Murdock SH,
    2. Hogue MN.
    Current patterns and future trends in the population of the United States: implications for dentistry and the dental profession in the twenty-first century. J Am Coll Dent. 1998 Winter;65(4):29-35.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  45. 45.↵
    1. Budiman, A.
    Key findings about U.S. immigrants [Internet]. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center; 2020 Aug 20 [cited 2020 Aug 14]. Available from: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/08/20/key-findings-about-u-s-immigrants/
  46. 46.↵
    1. Gao XL,
    2. Lo ECM,
    3. Kot SCC, et al.
    Motivational interviewing in improving oral health: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J. Periodontol. 2014 Mar; 85(3):426–37.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  47. 47.↵
    1. Kopp SL,
    2. Ramseier CA,
    3. Ratka-Krüger P, et al.
    Motivational interviewing as an adjunct to periodontal therapy—a systematic review. Front Psychol. 2017 Feb; 8: 279.
    OpenUrl
  48. 48.↵
    1. Brown ER.
    Leadership to meet the challenges to the public’s health. Am J Public Health. 1997 Apr; 87(4):554-57.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  49. 49.↵
    1. USCB
    . Income and poverty in the United States: 2018 [Internet]. Suitland (MD): United States Census Bureau; 2019 [cited 2020 Aug 14]. Available from: https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2019/demo/p60-266.html
  50. 50.↵
    1. CMS
    . Unduplicated number of children ever enrolled in CHIP and Medicaid [Internet]. Washington, DC: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service; 2018 [cited 2019 Sept 15]. Available from: https://www.medicaid.gov/sites/default/files/2019-12/fy-2017-childrens-enrollment-report.pdf.
  51. 51.↵
    1. HHS
    . Executive Summary: most children with Medicaid in four states are not receiving required dental services [Internet]. Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2019 Jan [cited 2019 Sept 15]. Available from: https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-02-14-00490.asp.
  52. 52.↵
    1. HHS
    . Oral health in America: a report of the Surgeon General. Rockville (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2000. 332p.
  53. 53.↵
    1. HHS
    . A national call to action to promote oral health. Rockville (MD): US Department of Health and Human Services, 2003. NIH publication no. 03-5303.
  54. 54.↵
    1. Bertolami C.
    Why our ethics curricula don’t work: critical issues in dental education. J Dent Educ. 2004 Aug;68(4): 420.
    OpenUrl
  55. 55.↵
    1. Haden N, et al.
    Improving the oral health status of all Americans: roles and responsibilities of academic dental institutions. J Dent Educ. 2003 May;67(5):563-83.
    OpenUrlAbstract
  56. 56.↵
    1. DePaola DK
    , The revitalization of U.S. dental education. J Dent Educ. 2008 Feb;72(2 Suppl):28-42.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  57. 57.↵
    1. Institute of Medicine and National Research Council
    . Improving access to oral health care for vulnerable and underserved populations. Washington DC: The National Academy Press; 2011.
  58. 58.↵
    1. Hood, JG.
    Service learning in dental education: meeting needs and challenges. J Dent Educ. 2009 Apr; 73(4):454-63.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  59. 59.↵
    1. ACTPCMD
    . The redesign of primary care with implications for training [Internet]. Washington DC: US Health and Human Services Administration; 2010 [cited 2020 Sept 9]. Available from: https://www.hrsa.gov/sites/default/files/hrsa/advisory-committees/primarycare-dentist/reports/report-2010.pdf
  60. 60.↵
    1. Yoder, K.
    A framework for service-learning in dental education. J Dent Educ. 2006 Feb; 70(2):115-23.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

American Dental Hygienists' Association: 95 (6)
American Dental Hygienists' Association
Vol. 95, Issue 6
December 2021
  • Table of Contents
  • Index by author
  • Complete Issue (PDF)
Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Journal of Dental Hygiene.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
The Baccalaureate as the Minimum Entry-Level Degree in Dental Hygiene
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Journal of Dental Hygiene
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Journal of Dental Hygiene web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
The Baccalaureate as the Minimum Entry-Level Degree in Dental Hygiene
Rosemary DeRosa Hays, Stefania Moglia Willis
American Dental Hygienists' Association Dec 2021, 95 (6) 46-53;

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
The Baccalaureate as the Minimum Entry-Level Degree in Dental Hygiene
Rosemary DeRosa Hays, Stefania Moglia Willis
American Dental Hygienists' Association Dec 2021, 95 (6) 46-53;
del.icio.us logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Background
    • Conclusions
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF

Similar Articles

More in this TOC Section

  • Career Paths and Satisfaction of Dental Hygienists Holding Master’s and Doctoral Degrees
  • Implant Maintenance Curriculum Content in Dental Hygiene Education
  • Exploration of the Scholarship of Doctoral Prepared Dental Hygienists
Show more Critical Issues in Dental Hygiene Education

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Keywords

  • dental hygiene
  • dental hygiene education
  • baccalaureate
  • bachelor’s degree
  • dental hygiene practice
  • workforce models

About

  • About ADHA
  • About JDH
  • JDH Reviewers
  • Contact Us

Helpful Links

  • Submit a Paper
  • Author Guidelines
  • Permissions
  • FAQs

More Information

  • Advertise
  • Subscribe
  • Email Alerts
  • Help

ISSN #: 1553-0205

Copyright © 2025 American Dental Hygienists’ Association

Powered by HighWire