Research ArticleCritical Issues in Dental Hygiene

Oral Care in the Long-Term Care of Older Patients: How Can the Dental Hygienist Meet the Need?

Tracee S. Dahm, Ann Bruhn and Margaret LeMaster
American Dental Hygienists' Association August 2015, 89 (4) 229-237;

References

  1. ↵
    1. U.S. Census Bureau
    . 2012 national population projections. [Internet]. Washington (DC): U.S. Census Bureau; 2014 December [cited 2015 July 10]. Available from: http://www.census.gov/population/projections/data/national/2012.html.
  2. ↵
    1. Dounis G,
    2. Ditmyer MM,
    3. McClain MA,
    4. Cappelli DP,
    5. Mobley CC
    . Preparing the dental workforce for oral disease prevention in an aging population. J Dent Educ. 2010;74:1086-1094.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  3. ↵
    1. U.S. Census Bureau
    . The older population: 2010-2010 census briefs. [Internet]. Washington (DC): U.S. Census Bureau; 2011 November [cited 2015 July 10]. 19 p. Available from: http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-09.pdf.
  4. ↵
    1. Wiener JM,
    2. Freiman MP,
    3. Brown D
    . Nursing home care quality: twenty years after the omnibus budget reconciliation act of 1987 [Internet]. Menlo Park (CA): The Kaiser Family Foundation; 2007 December [cited 2015 July 10]. 53 p. Available from: https://kaiserfamilyfoundation.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/7717.pdf.
  5. ↵
    1. Reznick S,
    2. Matear DW
    . Perceptions of caregivers regarding the importance of dental care for institutionalised seniors: a pilot study. J R Soc Promot Health. 2002; 122(3):170-174.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  6. ↵
    Chronic disease prevention and health promotionoral health: Preventing cavities, gum disease, tooth loss, and oral cancers at a glance. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. 2011. [cited on 2012 March 12]. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/resources/publications/AAG/doh.htm.
  7. ↵
    oLst 6 or more teeth report. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. [cited on 2012 March 10]. Available at: http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/nohss/ListV.asp?qkey=7&DataSet=2.
  8. ↵
    1. Sumi Y,
    2. Ozawa N,
    3. Miura H,
    4. Michiwaki Y,
    5. Umemura O
    . Oral care helps to maintain nutritional status in frail older people. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2010;51(2):125-128.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  9. ↵
    1. Gharat AR
    . Periodontitis and diabetes — a complex relationship. Int J Diab Dev Ctries. 2011;31(3):128-132.
    OpenUrl
  10. ↵
    1. Lam OL,
    2. Zhang W,
    3. Samaranayake LP,
    4. Li LS,
    5. McGrath C
    . A systematic review of the effectiveness of oral health promotion activities among patients with cardiovascular disease. Int J Cardiol. 2011;151(3):261-267.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  11. ↵
    1. Scannapieco FA
    . The oral microbiome: its role in health and in oral and systemic infections. Clinical Microbiology Newsletter. 2013;35(20):163-169.
    OpenUrl
  12. ↵
    1. Raghavendran K,
    2. Mylotte JM,
    3. Scannapieco FA
    . Nursing home-associated pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia: the contribution of dental biofilms and periodontal inflammation. Periodontol 2000. 2007;44:164-177.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  13. ↵
    1. Johnson EL,
    2. Brosseau JD,
    3. Soule M,
    4. Kolberg J
    . Treatment of diabetes in long-term care facilities: a primary care approach. Clin Diabetes. 2008;26(4):152-156.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  14. ↵
    1. Fravel MA,
    2. McDanel DL,
    3. Ross MB,
    4. Moores KG,
    5. Starry MJ
    . Special considerations for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2008; 68(6):500-509.
    OpenUrl
  15. ↵
    1. Patel MH,
    2. Kumar JV,
    3. Moss ME
    . Diabetes and tooth loss: an analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2004. J Am Dent Assoc. 2013;144(5):478-485.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  16. ↵
    Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics 2008 Update. American Heart Association [Internet]. [cited 2012 February 12]. Available at: http://www.silverbook.org/browse.php?id=37.
  17. ↵
    1. Rose LF,
    2. Mealey B,
    3. Minsk L,
    4. Cohen DW
    . Oral care for patients with cardiovascular disease and stroke. J Am Dent Assoc. 2002;133(Suppl):37S-34S.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  18. ↵
    1. Persson RE,
    2. Hollender LG,
    3. Powell VL,
    4. et al
    . Assessment of periodontal conditions and systemic disease in older subjects II. J Clin Periodontol. 2002;29(9):803-810.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  19. ↵
    1. Mupparapu M,
    2. Kim IH
    . Calcified carotid artery atheroma and stroke: a systematic review. J Am Dent Assoc. 2007;138(4):483-492.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  20. ↵
    1. Sjogren P,
    2. Nilsson E,
    3. Forsell M,
    4. Johansson O,
    5. Hoogstraate J
    . A systemic review of the preventive effect of oral hygiene on pneumonia and respiratory tract infection in elderly people in hospitals and nursing homes: effect estimates and methodological quality of randomized controlled trials. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008;56(11): 2124-2130.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  21. ↵
    1. Sarin J,
    2. Balasubramaniam R,
    3. Corcoran A,
    4. Laudenbach JM,
    5. Stoopler ET
    . Reducing the risk of aspiration pneumonia among elderly patients in long-term care facilities through oral health interventions. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2007;9(2):128-135.
    OpenUrl
  22. ↵
    1. Ishikawa A,
    2. Yoneyama T,
    3. Hirota K,
    4. Miyake Y,
    5. Miyatake K
    . Professional oral health care reduces the number of oropharyngeal bacteria. J Dent Res. 2008;87(6):594-598.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  23. ↵
    1. Lampert NM,
    2. Tepper LM
    . Prevention of oral disease for long-term care and homebound elderly. N Y State Dent J. 2010;76(5):42-45.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  24. ↵
    1. Ettinger RL,
    2. O'Toole C,
    3. Warren J,
    4. Levy S,
    5. Hand JS
    . Nursing directors' perceptions of the dental components of the Minimum Data Set (MDS) in nursing homes. Spec Care Dentist. 2000;20(1):23–27.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  25. ↵
    1. Adachi M,
    2. Ishihara K,
    3. Abe S,
    4. Okuda K
    . Professional oral health care by dental hygienists reduced respiratory infections in elderly persons requiring nursing care. Int J Dent Hyg. 2007;5(2):69-74.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  26. ↵
    1. Matear DW,
    2. Barbaro J
    . Caregiver perspectives in oral healthcare in an institutionalised elderly population without access to dental services: a pilot study. J R Soc Promot Health. 2006;126(1):28-32.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  27. ↵
    1. Wardh I,
    2. Hallberg LRM,
    3. Berggren U,
    4. Andersson L,
    5. Sörensen S
    . Oral health education for nursing personnel; experiences among specially trained oral care aides: one-year follow-up interviews with oral care aids at a nursing facility. Scand J Caring Sci. 2003;17(3):250-256.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  28. ↵
    1. Kullberg E,
    2. Sjogren P,
    3. Forsell M,
    4. et al
    . Dental hygiene education for nursing staff in a nursing home for older people. J Adv Nurs. 2010;66(6):1273-1279.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  29. ↵
    1. Family Caregiver Alliance National Center on Caregiving
    . Selected long-term care statistics [Internet]. San Francisco (CA): Family Caregiver Alliance; 2015 January 31 [cited 2015 July 12]. Available from: http://www.caregiver.org.
  30. ↵
    1. Lohrentz TD
    . The Americans with disabilities act [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance; 2003 November [cited 2012 February 6]. 2 p. Available from: http://dbsanca.org/docs/ADA_Title_1_Employment.1782709.pdf.
  31. ↵
    1. Ettinger R
    . Oral health and the aging population. J Am Dent Assoc. 2007;138(Suppl):5S-6S.
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
  32. ↵
    1. Brukiene V,
    2. Aleksejūnienė J,
    3. Gairionyte A
    . Salivary factors and dental plaque levels in relation to the general health of elderly residents in a long-term care facility: a pilot study. Spec Care Dentist. 2011;31(1):27-32.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  33. ↵
    1. Gupta B,
    2. Marya CM,
    3. Juneja V,
    4. Dahiya V
    . Root caries: an aging problem. Internet J Dent Sci. 2007; 5(1).
  34. ↵
    1. Chalmers JM,
    2. Ettinger RL
    . Public health issues in geriatric dentistry in the United States. Dent Clin N Am. 2008; 52(2):423-466.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
    1. Araujo ACS,
    2. Gusmao ES,
    3. Batista JEM,
    4. Cimões R
    . Impact of periodontal disease on quality of life. Quintessence Int. 2010;41(6):111-118.
    OpenUrl
  36. ↵
    1. Carmona R
    . Ageism in healthcare: are our nation's seniors receiving proper oral health care? Remarks before the special committee on aging United States Senate [Internet]. Washington (DC): United States Department of Health and Human Services; 2007 January 8 [cited 2011 December 31]. Available from: www.surgeongeneral.gov/news/testimony/ageism09222003.htm.
  37. ↵
    1. Mealey BL,
    2. Ocampo GL
    . Diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000. 2007;44:127-153.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  38. ↵
    1. Bensing K
    . Oral care in elderly patients [Internet]. King of Prussia (PA): Advance Healthcare Network for Nurse Practitioners and Physicians Assistants; 2013 January 18 [cited 2013 October 13]. Available from: http://nurse-practitioners-and-physician-assistants.advanceweb.com/Features/Articles/Oral-Care-in-Elderly-Patients.aspx.
  39. ↵
    1. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
    . Oral health in America: a report of the Surgeon General (Executive Summary) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; 2014 March 7 [cited 2011 November 1]. Available from: http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/datastatistics/surgeongeneral/report/executivesummary.htm
  40. ↵
    1. Jablonski RA,
    2. Swecker T,
    3. Munro C,
    4. Grap MJ,
    5. Ligon M
    . Measuring the oral health of nursing home elders. Clin Nurs Res. 2009;18(3):200-217.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  41. ↵
    1. Budtz-Jorgensen E,
    2. Mojon P,
    3. Banon-Clement JM,
    4. Baehni P
    . Oral candidiasis in long-term hospital care: comparison of edentulous and dentate subjects. Oral Dis. 1996;2(4):285-290.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  42. ↵
    1. Coleman P
    . Opportunities for nursing-dental collaboration: addressing oral health needs among elderly. Nurs Outlook. 2005;53(1):33-39.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  43. ↵
    1. Sura L,
    2. Madhavan A,
    3. Carnaby G,
    4. Crary MA
    . Dysphagia in the elderly: management and nutritional considerations. Clin Interv Aging. 2012;7:287-298.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  44. ↵
    1. Kanehisa Y,
    2. Yoshida M,
    3. Taji T,
    4. Akagawa Y,
    5. Nakamura H
    . Body weight and serum albumin change after prosthodontic treatment among long-term elderly in a long-term care geriatric hospital. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2009; 37(6): 534-538.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  45. ↵
    1. Gil-Montoya JA,
    2. Subirá C,
    3. Ramón JM,
    4. Gonzalez-Moles MA
    . Oral health-related quality of life and nutritional status. J Public Health Dent. 2008;68(2):88-93.
    OpenUrlPubMed
    1. Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services
    . MDS 3.0 for nursing homes and swing bed providers [Internet]. Baltimore (MD): Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services. 2015 March 6 [cited 2015 July 13]. Available from: http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Quality-Initiatives-Patient-Assessment-Instruments/NursingHomeQualityInits/NHQIMDS30.html.
  47. ↵
    1. American Dental Association
    . Medicaid and Medicare [Internet]. Chicago (IL): American Dental Association. 1995-2014. [cited 2014 April 8]. Available from: http://www.ada.org/368.aspx.
  48. ↵
    1. American Dental Association
    . Paying for dental care: a how-to guide (incurred medical expenses) [Internet]. Chicago (IL): American Dental Association. [cited 2014 April 8]. Available from: http://www.ada.org/en/member-center/member-benefits/practice-resources/paying-for-dental-care-a-how-to-guide-incurred-med.
  49. ↵
    1. American Dental Hygienists' Association
    . States which directly reimburse dental hygienists for services under the Medicaid program [Internet]. Chicago (IL): American Dental Hygienists' Association. 2010 June [cited 2014 April 7]. 3 p. Available from: https://www.adha.org/resources-docs/7519_Direct_Reimbursement_Medicaid_by_State.pdf.
  50. ↵
    1. Howard RM,
    2. Sullivan DC
    . Survey of oral hygiene knowledge and practice among Mississippi nursing home staff. J Miss Acad Sci. 2011;56-57.
  51. ↵
    1. National Institute on Aging,
    2. U.S. Census Bureau
    . Dramatic changes in U.S. aging highlighted in new census, NIH report [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health; 2006 March 9 [cited 2015 July 13]. Available from: http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/mar2006/nia-09.htm.
  52. ↵
    1. Kaasalainen S,
    2. Ploeg J,
    3. McAiney C,
    4. et al
    . Role of the nurse practitioner in providing palliative care in long-term care homes. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2013;19(10):477-485.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  53. ↵
    1. Koh LC
    . Student attitudes and educational support in caring for older people: a review of literature. Nurse Educ Pract. 2012;12(1):16-20.
    OpenUrlPubMed
    1. Michaud PL,
    2. de Grandmont P,
    3. Feine JS,
    4. Emami E
    . Measuring patient-based outcomes: is treatment satisfaction associated with oral health related quality of life? J Dent. 2012;40(8):624-631.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  55. ↵
    1. Wyatt CC
    . A 5-year follow-up of older adults residing in a long-term care facilities: utilization of a comprehensive dental programme. Gerodontology. 2009;26(4):282-290.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  56. ↵
    1. Coleman P
    . Collaboration of nursing and dentistry [Internet]. Milwaukee (WI): Geriatric Oral Health. 2015. [cited 2015 July 13]. Available from: http://www.geriatricoralhealth.org/topics/topic07/default.aspx.
  57. ↵
    Medicare. U.S. department of health and human services [Internet]. [cited 2012 February 3]. Available at: http://www.medicare.gov/longtermcare/static/home.asp.
  58. ↵
    1. Wårdh I,
    2. Hallberg LR,
    3. Berggren U,
    4. Andersson L,
    5. Sörensen S
    . Oral health care—a low priority in nursing. In-depth interviews with nursing staff. Scand J Caring Sci. 2000;14(2):137-142.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  59. ↵
    Health & Drug Plans [Internet]. [cited 2011 October 25]. Available at: http://www.medicare.gov/default.aspx.
  60. ↵
    1. Berenson RA,
    2. Horvath J
    . Confronting the barriers to chronic care management in Medicare. Health Aff (Millwood). 2003; Suppl Web Exclusives: W3-37-53.
  61. ↵
    Synopses of State Public Health Dental Programs. Summary Report for Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors [Internet]. 2011-2012 [cited 2013 October 13]. Available from: www.astdd.org/docs/state-synopsis-report-summary.pdf
  62. ↵
    1. American Dental Hygienists' Association
    . Direct access states [Internet]. Chicago (IL): American Dental Hygienist Association. 2014 June [cited 2015 July 13]. 14 p. Available from: www.adha.org/resources-docs/7513_Direct_Access_to_Care_from_DH.pdf
  63. ↵
    1. Marsh LA
    . Dental hygienist attitudes toward providing care for the underserved population. J Dent Hyg. 2012;86(4):315-322.
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
  64. ↵
    1. Best H
    . Educational systems and the continuum of care for the older adult. J Dent Educ. 2010;74(1):7-12.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  65. ↵
    1. Dolan TA
    . Access to dental care for older Americans. N Y State Dent J. 2010;76(5):34-37.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  66. ↵
    1. Commission on Dental Accreditation
    . American Dental Association. [Internet]. 2013. [cited 2014 April 7]. Available at: http://www.ada.org/sections/educationAndCareers/pdfs/dh.pdf
  67. ↵
    1. Fried J
    . Interprofessional collaboration: if not now, when? J Dent Hyg. 2013;87(Suppl 1): 41-43.
    OpenUrlFREE Full Text
Back to top

In this issue

Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Email Article
Citation Tools
Oral Care in the Long-Term Care of Older Patients: How Can the Dental Hygienist Meet the Need?
Tracee S. Dahm, Ann Bruhn, Margaret LeMaster
American Dental Hygienists' Association Aug 2015, 89 (4) 229-237;
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo

Jump to section

Keywords