Becoming a phenotypic male is ultimately determined by androgen-induced masculinization.
Disorders of fetal masculinization, resulting in hypospadias or cryptorchidism, are common, …

Testosterone is essential for maintaining spermatogenesis and male fertility. However, the
molecular mechanisms by which testosterone acts have not begun to be revealed until …

Androgens are essential for normal spermatogenesis and male fertility, but how androgens
exert this effect remains uncertain. Androgen receptors (ARs) are expressed in several …

Androgens such as testosterone are steroid hormones essential for normal male reproductive
development and function. Mutations of androgen receptors (AR) are often found in …

Fetal growth plays a role in programming of adult cardiometabolic disorders, which in men,
are associated with lowered testosterone levels. Fetal growth and fetal androgen exposure …

The gonad is a unique biological system for studying cell-fate decisions. However, major
questions remain regarding the identity of somatic progenitor cells and the transcriptional …

Sertoli cells (SCs) regulate testicular fate in the differentiating gonad and are the main regulators
of spermatogenesis in the adult testis; however, their role during the intervening period …

Testosterone deficiency is epidemic in obese ageing males with type 2 diabetes, but the
direction of causality remains unclear. Testosterone-deficient males and global androgen …

Reproductive disorders that are common/increasing in prevalence in human males may
arise because of deficient androgen production/action during a fetal ‘masculinization …

Background: The extent to which sleep loss may predispose astronauts to a state of altered
immunity during extended space travel prompts evaluation with ground-based models. …