Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology
Oral MedicinePrevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in orofacial pain patients
Section snippets
Sample
The study sample consisted of 1,478 adult patients (201 males, mean age 36.0 years, SE = .88; 1277 females, mean age 36.4 years, SE = .36) seen between October 1997 and November 2002 at the Orofacial Pain Center of the University of Kentucky. These were all patients with primary diagnoses of either masticatory and/or cervical muscle pain (65.0%) or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain (35.0%). The diagnoses were established according to the Orofacial Pain Guidelines of the American Academy of
Stressors
In the current patient sample, 709 patients (48.0%) did not report a stressor and were therefore classified as the no-stressor group. Of the patients reporting 1 or more significant stressors, 218 (14.7%) exceeded the PCL-C cut-off score of 41 for PTSD-positive symptoms and were classified as the PPos group. The remaining 551 patients (37.3%) did not meet the PCL-C cut-off score of 41 and comprised the PNeg group. The stressor reported most often by patients in both the PPos and PNeg groups was
Discussion
Lifetime prevalence estimates of PTSD in the general population range from 1% to 14%.1., 22., 23., 24., 25. Current PTSD prevalence rates in the general population, however, appear to be less than 10%.26 Given these data, the current prevalence of PTSD-like symptoms of our sample with chronic orofacial pain at 15% was considerably higher than that previously reported in community studies. Our results are in agreement with those reported by Aghabeigi et al (1992), who also found a PTSD
Conclusion
This study indicated that almost 1 out of 6 patients with chronic head and neck pain disorders report symptoms consistent with a clinical presentation of PTSD. Not surprisingly, high levels of psychological distress were strongly associated with PTSD symptomatology. Interestingly though, psychological distress was minimal in chronic TMD patients without PTSD symptomatology. Consistent with the current literature, our chronic pain patients reporting PTSD-positive symptoms were more prone to be
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Cited by (61)
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and the Role of Psychosocial Comorbidities in Chronic Orofacial Pain
2023, Dental Clinics of North AmericaThe link between neurology and behavior in veterinary medicine: A review
2021, Journal of Veterinary BehaviorCitation Excerpt :Diagnosis and management of these diseases may be challenging due to complex histories, pathophysiology and associated psychosocial co-morbidities, such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. Early recognition and a holistic approach to management are central in limiting the negative psychosocial impact of orofacial pain (De Leeuw et al., 2005; Ghurye and McMillan, 2017). Finally, feline hyperesthesia syndrome (FHS) is a disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions with skin rippling over the dorsal lumbar area and changes in behavior, such as jumping and running, excessive vocalizations, tail chasing, and self-trauma.
Temporo-mandibular dysfunction
2021, Revue du Rhumatisme MonographiesImpact of post-traumatic stress disorder on oral health
2017, Journal of Affective DisordersCitation Excerpt :One important aspect that this study provided was the association of PTSD with pain after extra-oral muscle examination (p = 0.002) and with RDC TMD axis II data (Table 2). TMD is frequently associated with psychological factors (De Leeuw et al., 2005a, 2005b; Ohrbach et al., 2010). The results of RDC/TMD axis II showed that PTSD patients were more likely to score at least one degree of orofacial chronic pain (I, II, III or IV) and presented more depressive symptoms and somatization (nonspecific physical symptoms) compared to controls.
Chronic Pain and Mental Health Disorders: Shared Neural Mechanisms, Epidemiology, and Treatment
2016, Mayo Clinic Proceedings