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Low-dose environmental endocrine disruptors, increase aromatase activity, estradiol biosynthesis and cell proliferation in human breast cells
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2016, Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCitation Excerpt :Breast adipose tissues from breast cancer patients show an increase in aromatase expression through promoters II and I.3 [66], also high aromatase activity in the quadrant containing the tumor has been detected [66,72,73]. Therefore, elevated levels of aromatase expression lead to local synthesis of estrogen production in the breast tumor [65,74–79]. Aromatase deficiency is an extremely rare disorder in humans.
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2016, Bioorganic and Medicinal ChemistryCitation Excerpt :Aromatase inhibitors can be categorized by generations i.e. according to their order of clinical development (first, second, third, fourth generations etc.) and also by mechanism of action (type I and type II). Type I9–12 and type II inhibitors are also known as steroidal and nonsteroidal inhibitors respectively. Type I has the similar structure with natural substrates of aromatase, which can compete the binding site with the natural substrates, these inhibitors can be taken as androstenedione analogs; The type II13 AIs act mainly as competitive inhibitors through the formation of coordination complex between one of the hetero atoms (O, N and S) of the inhibitor and heme of the aromatase.14–16
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