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Research ArticleResearch
Open Access

A Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Plaque and Gingivitis Effects of an Entry-Tier Oscillating-Rotating Electric Toothbrush

Ralf E. Adam, Julie M. Grender, Hans Timm, Jimmy Qaqish and C. Ram Goyal
American Dental Hygienists' Association October 2025, 99 (5) 6-17;
Ralf E. Adam
Procter & Gamble Service GmbH, Kronberg, Germany
PhD
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Julie M. Grender
The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, OH, USA
PhD
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  • For correspondence: grender.jm{at}pg.com
Hans Timm
Procter & Gamble Service GmbH, Kronberg, Germany
PhD
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Jimmy Qaqish
All Sum Research Center Ltd., Mississauga, ON, CA
BSc
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C. Ram Goyal
All Sum Research Center Ltd., Mississauga, ON, CA
DDS
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American Dental Hygienists' Association: 99 (5)
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October 2025
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A Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Plaque and Gingivitis Effects of an Entry-Tier Oscillating-Rotating Electric Toothbrush
Ralf E. Adam, Julie M. Grender, Hans Timm, Jimmy Qaqish, C. Ram Goyal
American Dental Hygienists' Association Oct 2025, 99 (5) 6-17;

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A Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating Plaque and Gingivitis Effects of an Entry-Tier Oscillating-Rotating Electric Toothbrush
Ralf E. Adam, Julie M. Grender, Hans Timm, Jimmy Qaqish, C. Ram Goyal
American Dental Hygienists' Association Oct 2025, 99 (5) 6-17;
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  • dental plaque
  • gingivitis

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