Before 1995, only a handful of arbitrations involved claims under investment treaties. During
the last five years, however, the number of cases has exploded. There are now over sixty …

… See generally Susan D. Franck, Integrating Investment Treaty Conflict and Dispute
Systems Design, 92 MINN. L. REV. … Franck, supra note 11, at 340 (discussing how India …

The legitimacy of investment treaty arbitration is a matter of heated debate. Asserting that
arbitration is unfairly tilted toward the developed world, some countries have withdrawn from …

During the past two decades, the number of investment treaties has tripled.'Today, nearly
170 countries have signed onto one or more Bilateral Investment Treaties (" BITs"). 2 These …

International investment and related disputes are on the rise. With national courts generally
unavailable and difficulties resolving disputes through diplomacy, investment treaties give …

In 1977, Oscar Schachter referred to" The Invisible College of International Lawyers" to
describe the elite professional community of professors, students, government officials, civil …

International institutions, such as the World Bank and its International Centre for the Settlement
of Investment Disputes (ICSID), are critical actors in the international economic order. …

… Aspects of this research are described in greater detail in SUSAN D. FRANCK, INVESTMENT
TREATY ARBITRATION: MYTHS, REALITIES, AND COSTS (forthcoming Oxford University …

* Assistant Professor of Law, University of Nebraska Law College. The author is grateful for
the comments of Susan Poser and Catherine Rogers in the preparation of these remarks. …

Henry Ward Beecher once observed," Laws and institutions are constantly tending to gravitate.
Like clocks, they must be occasionally cleansed, and wound up, and set to true time." 2 …