Biofilms are a protected niche for microorganisms, where they are safe from antibiotic
treatment and can create a source of persistent infection. Using two clinically relevant Candida …

The increased use of antibacterial and antifungal agents in recent years has resulted in the
development of resistance to these drugs. The significant clinical implication of resistance …

The oral microbiome–organisms residing in the oral cavity and their collective genome–are
critical components of health and disease. The fungal component of the oral microbiota has …

Microbial pathogens use a number of genetic strategies to invade the host and cause infection.
These common themes are found throughout microbial systems. Secretion of enzymes, …

The availability of reproducible antifungal susceptibility testing methods now permits analysis
of data correlating susceptibility in vitro with outcome in vivo in order to define interpretive …

Candida albicans biofilms are formed through three distinct developmental phases and are
associated with high fluconazole (FLU) resistance. In the present study, we used a set of …

Development of standardized antifungal susceptibility testing methods has been the focus of
intensive research for the last 15 years. Reference methods for yeasts (NCCLS M27-A) and …

The adult intestine hosts a myriad of diverse bacterial species that reside mostly in the lower
gut maintaining a symbiosis with the human habitat. In the current review, we describe the …

The human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans secretes a phospholipase
enzyme that demonstrates phospholipase B (PLB), lysophospholipase hydrolase and …

Three different approaches were used to investigate the role of extracellular phospholipases
in the pathogenicity of Candida albicans. First, we compared 11 blood isolates of this yeast …