Original researchMaternal periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk for preeclampsia☆
Section snippets
Materials and methods
The Oral Conditions and Pregnancy study was a prospective cohort study of the effect of maternal periodontal disease on obstetric outcome conducted by the University of North Carolina Center for Oral and Systemic Disease and the Center for Inflammatory Disorders, in collaboration with Duke University Medical Center. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained to conduct the study, and participants gave written informed consent to participate. Eligible women were identified at their first
Results
During the study period, 5400 women received prenatal care at the study site, and 3456 (64%) of those women were ineligible. Of the 1944 eligible women, 1115 (57%) agreed to participate in the study. Two hundred thirty (20.6%) were excluded from the analysis because they withdrew (109), became ineligible (38), or experienced a spontaneous (72) or elective abortion (11). Of 885 remaining women, 16 (1.9%) experienced either an intrauterine fetal (13) or neonatal (three) demise. The incidence of
Discussion
Maternal clinical periodontal disease at delivery is associated with an increased risk for the development of preeclampsia, independent of the effects of maternal age, race, smoking, gestational age at delivery, and insurance status. In addition, clinically active disease, as measured by presence of periodontal disease progression, is also associated with an increased risk for preeclampsia.
A parallel between the pathophysiologic consequences of preeclampsia and atherosclerotic disease has been
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Cited by (225)
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2023, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology MFMRed-Complex Bacterial Levels in Pregnant Women With Preeclampsia and Chronic Periodontitis
2023, International Dental JournalLOCAL ANESTHETICS AND PREGNANCY. A REVIEW OF THE EVIDENCE AND WHY DENTISTS SHOULD FEEL SAFE TO TREAT PREGNANT PEOPLE
2023, Journal of Evidence-Based Dental PracticeOral microbiome and pregnancy: A bidirectional relationship
2021, Journal of Reproductive ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :The above study demonstrated that the pregnant women who smoked demonstrated not only enrichment of both methylotrophs and reduction-sensitive species, but also species that ferment mixed acids such as Enterobacteriaceae (Paropkari et al., 2016). Periodontal diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis are chronic oral infections characterized by local and systemic inflammatory responses and have been associated with adverse outcomes of pregnancy (Boggess et al., 2003; Moore et al., 2004; Farrell et al., 2006). Periodontitis affects about 40 % of pregnant women (Silk et al., 2008; Vamos et al., 2015) and it is associated with a decrease gestational age (Salih et al., 2020).
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This study was supported by National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research grant no. DE-012453.